The Employees' State Insurance Scheme as per the ESI Act gives community defense to employees in the organized sector and their dependents. The Scheme, persuaded to suit health insurance obligations of employees, gives full medical care to insured persons and their dependents, as well as, cash benefits to reimburse for loss of wages or of earning capability in diverse contingencies. The present study has been undertaken to scrutinize the performance of the Employees' State Insurance Corporation. Further particularly, the study efforts to study the perception of employees on ESI hospitals in Thoothukudi city of Tamilnadu. The data collected from the primary source were analysed with the help of various statistical measures such as simple percentage analysis, averages, F-Statistic, chi square test, Garrett ranking and probability analysis were used. The beneficiaries are asked to rate each SQFs five point scale according to their order of satisfaction. The study shows that the majority (63.63%) of respondents was going to other hospitals for availing the Outpatient Service and the minority (31.58%) of respondents was going to ESI Dispensary/Hospital for availing the Outpatient Service.

Raisins are the second most important product of the grapevine, wine being the first. In India, raisins are mostly produced in Sangli, Solapur and Nasik districts of Maharashtra, Bijapur district in Karnataka and some parts of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Punjab. Sangli is the major quality raisin making area in Maharashtra (India). Raisins are sold through brokers cum agents and wholesale dealers since 1984. But raisin producer farmers does not get better price by such marketing. In 31st March 1994 open auction sale was started at Tasgaon and Sangli Market centers. In the first two years total raisin market reached 13120 tonnes which turnover Rs 25 Crores. During the year 2010-11 total raisin market reached 36000 tonnes and turnover of Rs 500 Crores.

Raisins are the second most important product of the grapevine, wine being the first. In India, raisins are mostly produced in Sangli, Solapur and Nasik districts of Maharashtra, Bijapur district in Karnataka and some parts of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Punjab. Sangli is the major quality raisin making area in Maharashtra (India). Raisins are sold through brokers cum agents and wholesale dealers since 1984. But raisin producer farmers does not get better price by such marketing. In 31st March 1994 open auction sale was started at Tasgaon and Sangli Market centers. In the first two years total raisin market reached 13120 tonnes which turnover Rs 25 Crores. During the year 2010-11 total raisin market reached 36000 tonnes and turnover of Rs 500 Crores.

The Employees' State Insurance Scheme as per the ESI Act gives community defense to employees in the organized sector and their dependents. The Scheme, persuaded to suit health insurance obligations of employees, gives full medical care to insured persons and their dependents, as well as, cash benefits to reimburse for loss of wages or of earning capability in diverse contingencies. The present study has been undertaken to scrutinize the performance of the Employees' State Insurance Corporation. Further particularly, the study efforts to study the perception of employees on ESI hospitals in Thoothukudi city of Tamilnadu. The data collected from the primary source were analysed with the help of various statistical measures such as simple percentage analysis, averages, F-Statistic, chi square test, Garrett ranking and probability analysis were used. The beneficiaries are asked to rate each SQFs five point scale according to their order of satisfaction. The study shows that the majority (63.63%) of respondents was going to other hospitals for availing the Outpatient Service and the minority (31.58%) of respondents was going to ESI Dispensary/Hospital for availing the Outpatient Service.

The Employees' State Insurance Scheme as per the ESI Act gives community defense to employees in the organized sector and their dependents. The Scheme, persuaded to suit health insurance obligations of employees, gives full medical care to insured persons and their dependents, as well as, cash benefits to reimburse for loss of wages or of earning capability in diverse contingencies. The present study has been undertaken to scrutinize the performance of the Employees' State Insurance Corporation. Further particularly, the study efforts to study the perception of employees on ESI hospitals in Thoothukudi city of Tamilnadu. The data collected from the primary source were analysed with the help of various statistical measures such as simple percentage analysis, averages, F-Statistic, chi square test, Garrett ranking and probability analysis were used. The beneficiaries are asked to rate each SQFs five point scale according to their order of satisfaction. The study shows that the majority (63.63%) of respondents was going to other hospitals for availing the Outpatient Service and the minority (31.58%) of respondents was going to ESI Dispensary/Hospital for availing the Outpatient Service.

Mental Health is about coping and adjusting to the demands of life. In the present day scenario various factors could affect the Mental Health of adolescents where they are exposed to a variety of new experiences and as a result the adolescent problems are increasing day by day. A survey was conducted in a rural area of Andhra Pradesh to know the association between age, birth order, number of siblings and Mental Health status of adolescents. One hundred and twenty adolescents (Sixty three boys and 57 girls) in the age group of 13-15 years were selected and assessed by using Mental Health Battery by Arun Singh and Alpana Sen Gupta. The results were analyzed by using 't' test and 'F' test. The results revealed significant association with regard to age and number of siblings.

Improper channelisation of kinetic energy induces vibrations in machinery. Vibration of mechanical equipment is generally not preferred. Hence, the source of vibration that will lead to failure need to be identified well in advance and corrected to avoid down time of the machine. Vibration has become a scientific tool for fault diagnosis. This paper emphasises monitoring the condition of a primary fan located at a large utility thermal power plant, consisting of 8 units and each, in turn is generating 210 MW. Tri-axial measurements are taken during the period of investigation. Regular logging of the data has provided a basis for performance trend monitoring. Fault diagnosis has been taken-up using ISO 2373 Standards. At the end of the investigation, remedial measures are suggested to bring down the offensive vibration.

The purpose of the present study was to compare the aesthetic self-concept among different levels of soccer players. For the purpose of the present study 150 male (n = 50 state, n = 50 inter-varsity, n = 50 all India inter-varsity) soccer players recruited as subjects. The age of the subjects were ranged from 18 to 25 years [N = 150, M = 18.79, SD = 3.71]. Aesthetic Self- age concept of the participants was measured by Deo (1998) questionnaire. Descriptive statistic and one way analysis of variance was used to analyze the data at .05 level of significance. The results of the study revealed that there was a significant difference among state, inter-varsity and all India intervarsity level soccer players on aesthetic self-concept.

Love is considered as a mean to understanding and gaining knowledge of God since ancient period, consequently mysticism continue as a way to being set free from worldly things and attaining approbation from the God. Literature had much done in circulating importance and role of mysticism in society. Mystical Arabic poetry goes through several stages including 'Isthmic' (Barzaqi') by which knowledge can be achieved through wisdom and sense. Deep love and affection have more importance in these steps of mysticism, while we can see plenty of Arabic poetry dealing with mystical ideas through whole hearted love. Mystical Arabic poetry depict broad concept of love. Jalaluddin rumi, Ibnul farid, Imam Busuri, Hallaj and others portrayed the concept of love through their collection of poems (Diwaan). There are some differences in the idea of love in mystical Arabic poetry and other which from Dark Age and medieval period of Arabic literature, for instance, feeling of love in the ode of Imrul Qais and Burdah of Busuri. This paper examine in the last chapter the ways by which love be cause to coexistence and peace in mystical view.

The purpose of this article is to draw attention to the far-and deep-reaching significance of the Buddha's 'Way of Mindfulness', and to give initial guidance to an understanding of these teachings and their practical application. The teachings of the Buddha offer a great variety of methods of mental training and subject of meditation, suited to the various individual needs, temperaments and capacities. This ancient Way of Mindfulness is as practicable to-day as it was 2500 years ago. It is as applicable in the lands of the West as in the East; in the midst of life's turmoil as well as in the peace of the monk's cell.

This research study is an attempt made to asses the influence of five demographic variables, specifically, Age, Educational qualification, Number of children, Birth order, and Length of service on the work-family conflict of married working women. The sample-size for this study comprised of randomly selected 1000 married working women (500 public sector and 500 private sector organizations) in Chennai (metropolis and a state capital). The age range of the participants in this study was from 21 to 59 years (Mean age= 37.3 years). Tools used for data collection were; (1) the Work-Family Conflict Scale (Netemeyer, Boles, & McMurrian, 1996) a standardized instrument selected after a comprehensive review of related literature, and (2) the Personal Information Schedule designed by the researcher to procure relevant demographic and socio- psychological information.

गॅट करारामुळे शिक्षण सेवा क्षेत्राच्या कक्षेत आले आहे. त्यामुळे शिक्षणाच्या जागतिकीकरणाला वेग आला आहे. शिक्षणाची समाज परिवर्तनात प्रमुख भूमिका आहे . शिक्षणाच्या जागतिकीकरणाच्या पार्श्वभूमीवर भारतात 13 जून 2005 रोजी राष्ट्रीय ज्ञान आयोगाची स्थापना करण्यात आली . या आयोगाने ज्ञान या संकल्पनेशी संबंधित सर्वस्तरावरील शिक्षणाचा विचार केला महाविद्यालयीन अभ्यासक्रमाचा दर्जा वाढविण्यासाठी वेळोवेळी सुधारणा केली पाहिजे असेही सुचविण्यात आले.

Cobalt manganese aluminum ferrite systems CoMn Al FeO has been synthesized 1-x x 4 by auto – combustion method from corresponding metal nitrates. X-Ray diffraction pattern indicate well defined peaks of crystalline F.C.C. phase which confirms spinel cubic structure formation. The lattice parameters are found to be decrease with increasing Al3+ substitution. X-3+ Ray density of all sample decrease with Al substitution due to influence of atomic weight. The IR spectra shows two main absorption bands í and í are characteristics of spinel ferrites. The 1 2 shape, size and morphology of synthesized sample studied by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy indicates agglomerated nano particles in the range of 9-18 nanometer. The magnetic properties like remanent magnetization, magneton number and 3+ coercivity is affected with increase in Al ion concentration.

This article examines the types and level of Burnout as a specific type of occupational exhaustion that reaches several professionals of public security nowadays. Were researched prison officers of the House of Prison Semi Free Rolim de Moura, with sampling error of 8 %. The case study was conducted with a sample of twenty-one (n= 21) volunteers and type stratified random without replacement with the prison officers of the Jail. According to the data obtained were possible to identify the causes and effects of burnout syndrome still at the beginning. Identify the factors that affect the quality of life and working environment at risk of death. In addition to the case study, this research was exploratory, descriptive and explanatory.

Aim of the study was to investigate the effect of leadership on reaction time among sportsmen. Hypotheses: there is no significant difference between high leadership sportsmen than the low leadership sportsmen with respect to visual reaction time and auditory reaction time. Sample: For the present study 80 Sample were belongings to and jalna, 40 subjects were high leadership sportsmen (M = 21.78, SD = 3.11) and 40 subjects were low leadership (M = 20.92, SD = 3.53). The age range of subjects was 18-24 years. Purposive non-probability sampling technique was used. Tools: 1) MAPSeries was constructed and standardize by Psy com measure for leadership. 2) Reaction time. Results: 1) High leadership sportsmen have significantly high visual reaction time than the low leadership sportsmen. 2) High leadership sportsmen have significantly high auditory reaction time than the low leadership sportsmen.

Tridax procumbens Linn. is a weed found throughout India. The plant is native of tropical America and naturalized in tropical Africa, Asia and Australia. Local people known it as Ghamara in English popularly called coat buttons and is dispensed for “Bhringraj” by some of the practitioners of Ayurveda. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids and terpenoids atc. Natural products continue to play an important role in the discovery and development of new pharmaceuticals, as clinically useful drugs, as starting materials to produce synthetic drugs. The present study is designed for phytochemical studies of tridax procumbens Liin.

This article reports on the successful effectiveness of the Ph.D bridge course conducted by Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur. The bridge course conducted assignments in two phases and in the following subject areas: (i) Research Methodology (ii) Teaching Aptitude and Personality Development (iii) Review of Literature & (iv) Organizational Behavior (subject concerned).The bridge course encouraged the scholars to engage in interacting among themselves and discussions with the learned professors of the university within and across the disciplines. The scholars from the two said departments, (i) Business Administration and (ii) Management perceived greater opportunities to participate in the course discussions, think critically, and engage in collaborative learning. The scholars were highly enlightened with the ocean of knowledge in the form of valuable lectures delivered from the very learned professors from various departments of the university.

The phenomenal growth of retail in India is reflected in the rapid increase in number of super markets, departmental stores and hyper markets in the country. Retailing consists of all activities that result in the offering for sale of merchandise to consumers for their own use. The Indian retail sector is dominated by unorganized sector with 95 per cent share; it is providing immense opportunities for large scale retailers to set-up their operations. The organized retailing sector is steadily increasing with the entry and operations of departmental stores, hyper markets, supermarkets and specialty stores which are replacing the traditional formats dramatically altering the retailing landscape in India. Indians prefer to shop at super markets due to higher standards of hygiene and attractive ambience. Indian retailers are increasing their brand presence particularly in developed markets.

Education is central to the Human Resources Development and empowerment in any country. India's recent economic success is due to a large extent to educational investment. The main sources of finance of Indian Higher education is the government and the private that includes household, firms, community, charitable trusts etc. The Government of India introduced Education Loan Scheme through the commercial banks of India for the purpose of completing higher education. For accelerating public expenditure, the Central Budget 2004 introduced a cess of 2% on major central taxes for elementary education and Budget 2007 a cess of 1% for secondary and higher education. In this context, there is an urgent need for enhanced use of education loan to augment resources for higher education within an appropriate framework.

“ The mere fact that 'Women hold up half the sky' – but even today, there does not appear to give them a position of dignity and equality.” So, is the life of Surabhi, the protagonist in Deepa Shah's debut novel 'The Solitude of Surabhi' that simply projects the reality in which most Indian women lives in today i.e. – the helplessness, plight, distress in which they miserably live and search for their fortune and identity.

The present paper focuses the three issues of 'marriage', 'career' and 'divorce' among the educated Hindu Women characters in the select Indian English Women's novels written from 1947 to 1990. About the issue of marriage 'educated' women may go through love marriage, love cum-arranged marriage, or arranged marriage. In the above three types of marriage, love marriage is agreeable to the couples but not to the parents. Along standing marriage depends on how the couple leads and lives its life. So love marriage is the best marriage from the couple point of view. However, the preference should be given to uninterrupted and peaceful marriage.

In last decade a new concept is robustly coined up in the dome of advertising- 'Advertorial'. Advertorial is an essentially paid "content", may be in the form of article or review, which is masked to appear that they are simple editorials by anyone who has experienced the said product or service, and is expressing his opinion about it without otherwise any motive. It can be observed in current scenario that websites, newspapers, magazines etc. are snowed under the popping up Advertorials. Advertorials offers a winning position for all the parties of the play i.e. - the reader, the advertiser and the publisher. The reader is able to have the news of his use in an entertaining manner, the advertiser is able to cut the clutter and lay the desired positioning with momentous magnitude and the publisher is able to generate more revenue as by making an advertorial a part of scheme or otherwise also the advertorial does occupy more space than simple advertisement

In last decade a new concept is robustly coined up in the dome of advertising- 'Advertorial'. Advertorial is an essentially paid "content", may be in the form of article or review, which is masked to appear that they are simple editorials by anyone who has experienced the said product or service, and is expressing his opinion about it without otherwise any motive. It can be observed in current scenario that websites, newspapers, magazines etc. are snowed under the popping up Advertorials. Advertorials offers a winning position for all the parties of the play i.e. - the reader, the advertiser and the publisher. The reader is able to have the news of his use in an entertaining manner, the advertiser is able to cut the clutter and lay the desired positioning with momentous magnitude and the publisher is able to generate more revenue as by making an advertorial a part of scheme or otherwise also the advertorial does occupy more space than simple advertisement

In last decade a new concept is robustly coined up in the dome of advertising- 'Advertorial'. Advertorial is an essentially paid "content", may be in the form of article or review, which is masked to appear that they are simple editorials by anyone who has experienced the said product or service, and is expressing his opinion about it without otherwise any motive. It can be observed in current scenario that websites, newspapers, magazines etc. are snowed under the popping up Advertorials. Advertorials offers a winning position for all the parties of the play i.e. - the reader, the advertiser and the publisher. The reader is able to have the news of his use in an entertaining manner, the advertiser is able to cut the clutter and lay the desired positioning with momentous magnitude and the publisher is able to generate more revenue as by making an advertorial a part of scheme or otherwise also the advertorial does occupy more space than simple advertisement

Pottery is an ancient occupation of preparation of pots, decorative items like idols, stoves of biofuels, mud lamps (especially used in Diwali festival), etc. Pottery is community based occupation of potters and potters are known by different names such as Prajapati, Chakrasali, Kumhara, Kumbar, Kulal, etc, which reveals their occupation at different parts of country. With the impact of globalization and industrialization, the plastic and steel utensils were occupied the market and even LPG stoves are used by almost all population. As such, presently pottery is under threat. Many of the potters have revealed the present situations of pottery in Karnataka. As such, it is essential to rehabilitate and provide alternative employment to potters in Karnataka.

The purpose of the present study is to focus on listening problems of engineering students and to suggest strategy training to overcome the issues. The results of the study may set an example showing the usefulness of language learning strategies in language learning. The study may also, if well perceived by the target sample of the study, increase the intent of students to develop the listening skill. The study will contribute to the line of research on listening strategy instruction, especially within the Engineering College context where this area is hardly trodden by researchers. It may give insights about the conditions in which strategy instruction works best and what modes and circumstances are needed to ensure effective listening strategy instruction.

The present paper titled “Resolution InShashiDeshpande'sRoots And Shadows” is a discussion on traditional marriage in India.Marriage plays a crucial role in the life of a woman. That too in our country it is still the ultimate goal of a girl's life.ShashiDeshpande through her works condemns the institution that creates suffocation and deprives a woman of her identity. In Roots and ShadowsDeshpande is trying to define Indian marriage: “Millions of girls have asked this question millions of times in this country? Surely it was time they stopped asking it. What choice do I have? Surely it is this, this fact that I can choose, that differentiates me from the animals. But years of blindfolding can obscure your vision so that you no more see the choices. Years of shacking can hamper your movement so that you can no more move out of your cage of no-choices”(125). Both Saru(DHNT) and Indu ventured to marriage with a hope to get escape from their caged existence, in a quest of 'freedom' but in turn they get trapped in another cage. A pause from her routine life far away from her husband, Indu is able to resolve the riddle of failure in her life. She is able to understand herself and learn many truths about her life. She says,"Have I become a fluid with no shape, no form of my own”? (54).

Students aged between 12-18 years account for more than one fifth of the world's population i.e., almost 230 millions. In India this age group forms 23 per cent of the total population. Moreover it is necessary to invest in adolescents as the future leaders and guardians of the Nation's development. Even though they are facing more problems it is important to take care of them. Among various factors that influence students' academic performance, stress (academic stress) is a major factor. Several studies have emphasized that the stress of students and its effect on academic subjects such as Bell (1995) Dubois and Felner (1992) and Ganesan (1995) have found that stress made a significant contribuitonin poor school performance of adolescents. Caroli et al., (1992) have reported that students, parents and teachers were more conscious towards their academic achievements. So interference of elders makes stressful situation for adolescents.

Human being is in a global digital age bombarded by mobile phones, videogames, computers, internet, and the like. So it is illogical to measure intelligence today through tests that primarily focus on verbal-linguistic and logical-mathematical abilities only. Therefore, it is inevitable here to conceptualize “multiple intelligences” in the present educational scenario.

Urbanization is now becoming a global phenomenon. The increased pace of urbanization has been posing a challenge to urban environment management. The rapid urbanization has a multiple effect on quality degradation of environment. Waste generation is an inevitable outcome of the development activities. A material becomes waste when it is discarded without expecting to be compensated for its inherent value. These wastes may pose a potential hazard to the human health or the environment (soil, air, water) when improperly treated, stored, transported or disposed off or managed. Waste management comprises of purposeful and systematic control of generation, storage, collection (from Municipal dumps, houses, offices and industrial estates), transport, sorting (where recyclables are segregated), processing, recycling, recovery & disposal of waste. Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) is one of the major environmental problems of Indian cities.

People are certainly the best resources of an organization. Sourcing the best people from the colleges and universities has become the top most priority of the organizations today. In such a competitive scenario, talent management has become the key strategy in identifying and filling the skill gap in a company by recruiting the resourceful individuals from educational institutions. The reputed and well renowned companies go to the door steps of the colleges/universities in selecting the talented and skillful students. However these companies are not satisfied with the performance of the students and they go empty handed due to inefficiency of the students. There is a tremendous gap between quality of the students and the expectation of the employer. This paper is based on a qualitative study and the questionnaire which was administered to 100 college going students in the study area. Result indicates that our colleges/universities need to incorporate the talent management in its curriculum. This paper also suggests number of recommendations for the attention of educationist and policy makers to think out of the box and to revamp the syllabi based on the requirements of the students and make them globally competent.

Young persons, who qualify for University Grants Commission-Junior Research Fellowship (UGC-JRF), find it increasingly daunting to get admission in institutions that offer seats for doing doctoral research. The number of such students as was desirous of doing Doctorate in Philosophy (PhDs) hasgrownin the last decade. Universities funded by the respective states of India and the central government have takennote of this fact but seems to have visibly done a little in ameliorating the situationdue to which intellectual contributions andgeneration of new knowledge suffered. Its impact on the student community was adverse that resulted in declining interest in pursuing doctoral research. The publically funded Universities should have diligently played their role in making India a knowledge hub and acted on several reports with novel recommendations for reform. Owing to a large human resource base in India, an effective strategy needs to be put in place.

As our understanding of participatory societies progresses, there is a developing enthusiasm among professionals and researchers in how best to assume responsibility of the inventive, gainful abilities of Internet clients for particular purposes. Various online organizations in the previous decade have heartily enrolled people in online groups to outline items and take care of issues for them, regularly spurring an online group's inventive yield or bridling their innovative include through the arrangement of an open test with different prizes. Associations that issue particular assignments to online groups in an open call organization participate in the act of "crowdsourcing." Crowdsourcing is a model for critical thinking, not just a model for working together (Brabham, 2008a; Brito, 2008; Fritz et al., 2009; Haklay and Weber, 2008). The crowdsourcing model is additionally appropriate to associations' advertising and advertising objectives, as the methodology of dealing with an online group permits associations to produce close associations with publics and permits shoppers to take an interest really taking shape of brands (Phillips and Brabham, 2011).

The United Nations (UN) was established to resolve international disputes, establish peace, cooperation and harmony in the world. UN peacekeeping operations are deputing the UN troops depending upon the needs of different countries across the world. It is highlighted that India is 3rd largest military and other personnel contributor to the UN peacekeeping operations. As such, many of the missions were already successfully completed with the coordination of Indian peacekeepers and still eight missions are continued. The paper described the UN peacekeeping operations in which Indian peacekeepers are engaged in twenty-first century.

In today's era, criticism has turned into appreciation; this is nothing but a polite way of saying 'bad'. Similarly, the medium of films has already got draped in the newer form of scrutiny. With the coming in of new technologies and innovations, directors have forgotten the minute components of a film; same occurred with Jatishwar. In this article, I have discussed the flaws present in the film (Jatishwar) and how the director missed them out while touching such a sensitive concept.

दलित संकल्पना : भारतात प्राचीन काळापासून जातींची मूळं व अस्पृश्यता खोलवर रुजली असून आर्यांच्या आगमनानंतर त्यांच्या श्रेष्ठ - कनिष्ठ भेदभावनितीच्या प्रभावाने जातींची पायाभरणी झाली. एतद्देशियांनी सामाजिक, सांस्कृतिक अस्तित्वासाठी संघर्ष केला. जाती व्यवस्थेचे मूळं हे बहिष्कार व श्रमविभागणीत दडले असल्याचे जे. एच. हटन यांनी नोंदविले आहे.

Child labour coupled with child abuse has today become one of the greatest maladies that have spread across the world. Each year statistics show increasing numbers of child abuse, more so in the case of the girl child. When a girl is probably abused by someone at home, to hide this fact she is sold to an employer from a city as domestic help, or then as a bride to an old man. Though eradicating the menace seems like a difficult and nearly impossible task, immense efforts have to be made in this direction. The first step would be to become aware of the causes of child labour. The leading reason is that children are employed because they are easier to exploit. On the other hand, people sell their children as commodities to exploitive employers to have additional sources of income.

This Paper studies the Genesis of Industrial Disputes Settlement Legislation in India. As we know that the industries are the most productive in the growth and economy of a nation. Moreover, the internal security of a nation depends upon the efficient economy which is the outcome of industrial growth in that nation. Any nation’s progress is known in terms of its development by industrial growth. Historical evidences shows that all laws relating to the industry and labours were chiefly enacted by Britishers as India remained under the British domination for over 100 years. The industrial disputes legislation enacted by Britishers was primarily intended to protect the interests of British employers. Considerations of British, political economy were naturally paramount in shaping some of these early labour laws. Thereafter, Merchant Shipping Act, 1859 and Workman’s Breach of Contract Act (13 of 1859) and Employers and Workman’s Disputes Act, 1860 were enacted. then in 1926 The Indian Trade Unions Act, 1926 and The Trade Disputes Act, 1929 was enacted which was amended subsequently on the recommendations of Royal in the year 1932 as a result of which the Indian Trade Disputes (Amended), Act 1932, was passed.

India entered the nuclear club with a bang in may 1974. Prior to this there had been considerable debate in the country on whether India should go nuclear and whether she could afford to do so. Now that India is set on the nuclear path, much of the debate is theoretical Prime Minister Indira Gandhi has of course stated that India does not intend to make nuclear weapons of destruction. But nuclear technology and nuclear explosions, whether for peaceful or destructive purposes cost of the same. If the question whether India can effort it at all is relevant now, it is so only to the extent that we are discussing the pace of development of nuclear technology. The more significant question especially since India still claims that its nuclear programme is strictly for peaceful purpose is: Is it in India's security interest to renounce the use of nuclear technology for building nuclear weapons.

Marketing function per se is undergoing a shift in managing transaction in a transparent e-marketing way (Kauffman et al, 2004) especially in Indian Public Sector Undertakings (PSU) – see Reynolds et al (2007). The assessment of e-marketing and disposal system of scrap and purchases in PSUs, namely NLC Ltd and Indian Railways, have been studied. The review of factors such as e-auction offers, time of auction, experience, security deposit (EMD), basic rate per unit, allotment of bid, acceptance of bid, payment and delivery of successful bids on select items in two PSUs over a period of three to five years have been presented. The study adds strength to the concept of e-marketing and e-procurement as well as to the theory of marketing. Assessing the e-marketing and e-procurement system covering eauction/ e-procurement offer, promotion, pricing, payment and delivery, transparency, wider participation, bid price, win/lose, time saving has been improvement in the e-marketing and eprocurement system has been focused in the study. It is understood that the e -marketing process is in vogue and therefore it is imperative to describe in comparison with e -procurement. Sample size of 100 each for both NLC and Indian Railways has been selected using simple random sampling method on cost basis depending on the distance of travel. Finally, the data collection spread in pilot as well as main study with field survey using questionnaire.

Anita Nair is a popular Indian English writer. She is a famed sensitive writer of Malayalam origin. In her novel 'Mistress', through an arresting array of complex narrative techniques in an intelligent language, shining with brilliance, she unfolds a series of stories using Kathakali. This novel brings a traditional art form into spot light. Apart from its unusual structure, 'Mistress' is a gripping novel, intense in relationships.

Assets Liability management is the process involving decision making about the composition of assets and liabilities including off balance sheet items of the bank conducting risk assessment.

The present study is planned to look into the socio- economic conditions of the workers working in sugar industries. There is irregular supply of sugarcane and due to which many of the sugar industries are producing sugar only for 6-8 month in a year. Consequently, there are many workers (direct or indirect ),which are depending on the work at sugar industries, will be unemployed for a minimum of 4-6 months in a year . As such, there is lack of work and job security for these workers. working in sugar industries As a result, there is no income security for these for these workers. The salary or the wages given by the sugar industries also low . Apart from these problems, the workers have to face the different challenges such as exploitation from their employers and air pollution due to which the health of the workers may be affected adversely. Hence , the present study is planned to look into the socio- economic conditions of the workers working in sugar industries. The study aims to look into the socio - economic problems of the sugar industry workers in Bidar district of karnataka. Bidar district accommodated three co - operative sugar industries and six khandasari sugar factories.They are providing direct or indirect employment to more than 10000 workers, farmers, transporters and others.

In Tamil Nadu, the Department of Rural Development has taken initiative to organize the rural poor into Self-Help Groups which collectively work for securing livelihood employment for the members. The members of the group agree to save regularly and convert their savings into a common fund known as the group corpus. This fund is used by the group through a common management strategy. The group keeps in view the following broad guidelines.

During the past decade much has been done globally to provide quality based education for children, an obligation for the meeting on the Rights of the Child but still it is not fulfilled properly. Education is as important as a basic need of every human being, and this fact believes, Poojya Dr. Sharnbaswappa Appa the current president of Shree Shraranabasaveshwar Vidya Verdhak Sangha. His father late shree Doddappa Appaji established first women education school in Hyderabad Karnataka region. Later Poojya Dr. Appaji had founded strong pillar of educational institutions in most important and auspicious ingredient in every human being and he continued Anna Dasoha (serving free food) as well as Akshara Dasoha (serving education) to every needy person. This is a first time even government of Karnataka and government of India even not planned for Servashikshana Abhiyana (Free and compulsory education) that means more than100 years ago this policy had planned and implemented in this part of the area.

The insecurity intrinsic in climatic changeability suggests that support to agriculture and livelihoods must provide a menu of options, rather than set piece packages for increasing food production or livelihood support. Territorial development programs, port-disaster agricultural rehabilitation efforts and social protection mechanisms have been important vehicles to promote food security, but they have often been driven by assumptions that played down the extent to which variability and uncertainty about weather and markets are at the core of how chronically poor and vulnerable populations maintain their livelihoods. Integration is needed between the goals and methods of programming for agricultural extension and other services in terms of food production and services so as to emphasize impacts on the livelihoods of food insecure households.

Women have always been an object of gross and severe violence at the hands of man. The biological weakness of a women makes her an easy prey particularly to whom it may concern; physical domination. She is often victim of physical and mental violence not only outside her home but also inside the home. Every society accepting the importance of equality of sexes has therefore, made affirmative provisions against gender discrimination1. However, in spite of the enactment of these provisions, equality between men and women continues to be an elusive goal. Hence, women are deprived of basic freedom and thereby easily exposed to exploitation. The concept of vulnerability hinges on the idea of agency.

Today, people are under stress and they talk about the stress them under. The concept of stress is so firmly entrenched in the communal psyche that few people have paused to analyze it, and most people assume that is simply a fact of modern life, beyond anyone's control. Stress management help us how to manage the stress in your life. Stress management is to identify the sources of stress in your life begins with. This is not easy to find it. Your true sources of stress are not always clear, and it's all very easy on your own stress-including thoughts, feeling and behavior naught. Think about how you cope with the stress of life your coping strategies healthy or unhealthy, helpful or unproductive for? Unfortunately, many ways to resolve the problems compound the stress. No one method works for everyone or every situation. There are several models of stress management, each with distinctive explanations of mechanisms for controlling stress.

Academic achievement of the students was directly related with the proper teaching methods. Constructivists' approach of teaching helped to learn science subjects among the students much better over traditional approach of teaching. During the achievement tests in science subjects in different schools selected here secured the students to score much better results with constructivists' approach of teaching rather than that of traditional approach of teaching. A comparison between teaching-learning strategies of traditional teaching methods with the constructivists' approach of teaching is discussed.

Pulse width modulation rectifiers are extensively used in battery charger, regulated dc voltage source, UPS systems, static frequency changer and ac line conditioner, where the main requirements are unidirectional power flow, regulated output dc voltage and near unity input power factor. In case of single switch boost rectifier, additional requirement of dc bus voltage balancing is essential. The conventional control techniques involve complex mathematical operations, which increase the cost and complexity of the controller. Simple control schemes based on constant-switching-frequency resistance emulation control, which do not require any of the above operations, are developed here for PWM boost rectifier. All the necessary control operations are performed without using multiplication, division and square-root operation. The power circuit of the proposed converter can be configured either for DCM or for CCM by simple on–off control of an auxiliary switch. Similarly, the proposed control circuit can also be configured either for CCM or for DCM simply by choosing the appropriate carriers.

In this century it is very essential to study the psychology of people & society because maximum citizens of world are connected through internet & exchange the data through internet (express fellings from mind good ,bad etc). Sentiment analysis is a rapidly emerging topic with different applications, from various polls to advertisement world. Conventionally persons gather advice from their acquaintances or relations before purchasing an article, but nowadays the drift is to identify the opinions of a array of individuals around the world using microblogging data. This paper discusses an approach where a stream of tweets from the Twitter are collected ,preprocessed and classified based on their emotional content as positive, negative and neutral and analyse them to use this study in concluding stock priceses.It is possible to analyze the tweets collected through twitter api , process them through Ling pipe & SVM .Compare with stock values & come to conclusion of stock market.

The present study makes an attempt to understand the stress perceived by the primary caretakers attending to children with cardiac problems. Caretakers who were ready and willing to extend their cooperation for in depth interview were selected as population for the study. Thus a total number of 60 caretakers were selected purposively for conducting the present study.The results revealed that more than 50 per cent of the parents' perceived high stress, 32 per cent perceived average stress and only 18 percent perceived very low stress.

Adolescence is a period of stress and strain, stiff and storm relatively development childhood to the psychological, social and economic, self sufficiency of adulthood. The present paper is aimed to study the adolescence problems of Intermediate students regarding whether the gender, locality, parental income and year of study has any influence on the intermediate students. For collection of data the survey method is used, stratified Random sampling techniques is used to select 200 sample for the present study. The 't' value of Gender is 2.01 which is significant at 0.05 level. It indicates that female students face more problems than the male students. In case of locality the null hypothesis is rejected. The Rural students are more problems than the urban students. In case of the variable parental income the null hypothesis is rejected. Regarding year of study “t” value is 0.74. This is not significant at 0.05 level. Thus the null hypothesis is accepted.

The present paper addresses to research performance of Department of Physics, Bangalore University, Bangalore, Karnataka. This study covers 2485 citations. The study analyzed major part of citation is Journal citations 80.68 % followed by books 10.99% and 1.21 % is E-resources. In total Citations Collaborative authorship is the highest 72.39%. The Physics researcher highest cited between the years 1991-2000 (28.89%) and the cited citation of journal article publication journals are USA (849) 42.34%, UK 278 (13.87%) and India 163 (8.13%) are highest publication respectively.

The study was conducted to assess effect of water harvesting structures like minar irrigation tank on ground water recharge and water quality at Agricultural Research Station, Mugad, Karnataka, India. The minor irrigation tank water spread area was 12.16 ha with a storage capacity (0.89 M. m3) was selected to assess the effect on ground water recharge and water quality. Rainfall, water storage depth and water level of bore wells were measured every fortnight. Results showed that water harvesting structure (minor irrigation tank) resulted in mean rise of water level of bore wells by 10.41, 9.67 and 9.00 m for the year 2010-11, 2011-12 and 2012-13, respectively. The ground water quality analysis revealed that the pH was neutral (6.93- 8.14) during both pre and post monsoon seasons. The ground water EC was lower and ranged between 0.5 and 0.65 dSm-1. The SAR and RSC values of the ground water were also lower and would not cause sodicity hazard on soils with prolonged irrigation.

Barddhaman district (22 56' N to 23 53'N and 86 48' E to 88 25' E) holds 4th position in percentage share of urban population in West Bengal, India. Level of urbanisation is high than the state and national averages. There exists wide intra district variation in level of urbanisation. Interestingly, much of the share comes from Western Barddhaman. The present work intends to study intra district disparity of urbanisation in Barddhaman district, West Bengal. Census of India data (1971 to 2011) have been used for the analysis.

Product complexity in the aerospace industry has grown fast while design procedures and techniques did not keep pace. Product life cycle implications are largely neglected during the early design phase. Also, aerospace designers fail to optimize products for the intended operational environment. This study shows how a design, simulated within its anticipated operational environment, can inform about critical design parameters, thereby creating a more targeted design improving the chance of commercial success. An agent-based operational simulation for civil Unmanned Aerial Vehicles conducting maritime Search-and-Rescue missions is used to design and optimize aircrafts. Agent interactions with their environment over the product life-cycle are shown to lead to unexpected model outputs. Unique insights into the optimal design are gained by analysis of the operational performance of the aircraft within its simulated environment.

Product complexity in the aerospace industry has grown fast while design procedures and techniques did not keep pace. Product life cycle implications are largely neglected during the early design phase. Also, aerospace designers fail to optimize products for the intended operational environment. This study shows how a design, simulated within its anticipated operational environment, can inform about critical design parameters, thereby creating a more targeted design improving the chance of commercial success. An agent-based operational simulation for civil Unmanned Aerial Vehicles conducting maritime Search-and-Rescue missions is used to design and optimize aircrafts. Agent interactions with their environment over the product life-cycle are shown to lead to unexpected model outputs. Unique insights into the optimal design are gained by analysis of the operational performance of the aircraft within its simulated environment.

This paper tries to present the skills and tools of the people of the Bodos of assam in the field of hunting and fishing of its typicality and tradition. Men the Supreme Being led their lives through hunting to solace their hungry before the civilization and it is still prevailing among the different communities of people in the world as a document of tradition. The word hunting in English is meant in Bodo as Mwihur Khalamnai. Hunting is based on experience, adaptation, local culture, resources and the environment of the people of the region of a community where they live. This tradition has been handed down generation to generation to the people of the community which is remained as a part of property of the entire community. They use different tools of different shapes and sizes for hunting purposes and according to the season and weather they step in hunting field. Somewhat it has become a culture to the people of the community as a part of enjoyment and entertainment.

Exposure to glass factory smoke is associated with a number of respiratory problems which are both immunologic and non-immunologic in orgin. This study was undertaken to assess pulmonary function among glass bangle factory workers. Lung function tests were carried out using a portable spirometer. Out of the 486 workers were included in the study, 106(21.8%) were symptomatic: chronic bronchitis (n=34), cough (n=38), bronchial asthma (n=13), post nasal drip (n=9), chest tightness (n=8) and dyspnea (n=4). The respiratory symptoms were more common among non-smokers (55.6%) than smokers (44.3%). Pulmonary function parameters had lower values in smokers than in non-smokers and in symptomatic than in asymptomatic subjects.

Economic growth is the basis of improved prosperity. This makes the attainment of growth a key objective for governments across the departments. State Excise Revenue plays a very critical role in the Economic growth and development of a region. The State Excise Department of Government of Chhattisgarh is the third major earners of revenue, next only to Sales Tax and Stamp Duty. This paper surveys the empirical analysis of Contribution of State Excise Revenue in Economic Growth and Development of Chhattisgarh

-The objectives of this study was to find out the relationship between Attitude of Teacher educators and their Professional excellence. The present study made an attempt to study the level of Professional excellence of Teacher Educators based on the type of their institutions. The survey method was adopted in this study. For this study, a sample f 60 Teacher educators from colleges of education in Puducherry were taken. Professional excellence questionnaire (PEQ) was used to collect the data. This study is limited to Teacher Educators in Puducherry region alone .Results show that there is a positive relationship between the Attitude of teacher educators and their Professional excellence.

Business all over the world today is extending their frontiers beyond domestic markets. As the world economy is globalized the companies are expanding their business in international markets for business profitability. In this global business environment, cross culture dealings becomes a common field of research. This is primarily due to the fact that the dealing parties are often from different countries with different cultural views and beliefs which they usually bring with them to the dealing dais. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of culture on dealings and also focused on the strategies to cope up with this problem of cross culture dealings. The research design used is conceptual design i.e., the study will be based on secondary data taken from magazines, journals, internet and reports. These tools helps to conclude the objective of the study as well understanding, accepting and respecting the cultural values of the other parties is very important and it will lead to a more successful outcome.

The purpose of this study was to analyse the physiological variable among school students at different altitudes in Tamil Nadu. Forty five (n = 45) high school boys players of different sports were selected as subjects from different regions such as coastal, plain and high altitude at random. The age group of the subjects ranged between 14 and 18 years. Breath holding time was selected as the criterion variable and that was measured by using electronic stop watch. The collected data was statistically analysed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Scheffe's test was applied as a post hoc test to determine the significant differences between the mean. The result of the study showed that there was asignificant difference (p ≤0.05) in breath holding time between the coast and high altitude and plain and high altitude. Results also showed that, the costal and plain altitude players are better in breath holding time than high altitude players.

Environment has a great importance in human life. We can't live without environment which is around us. Human development is possible only through the use of various natural sources. But while developing, human get over use of natural resource. Due to that reason so many problems related to the environment are created.

यद्यपि ज्ञान , वैभव एवं शक्ति की अधिष्ठती देवियाँ , क्रमशः सरस्वती , लक्ष्मी एवं दुर्गा स्त्री के रूप में कल्पित हुई थी , और इनका धार्मिक अनुष्ठनों में आज भी महत्व बना हुआ है , किन्तु सामाजिक सन्दर्भो में उसकी स्थिती बिल्कुल ही विपरीत हो गई है | स्त्री को केवल मोह रुपी माया जाल माना गया है जो कि पुरुष को उसके सदमार्ग से च्युत करने वाली मानी गई है |

सोळाव्या शतकात भारत देशात व्यापाराच्या निमित्ताने युरोपीयनांचे आगमन झाले. स्पॅनिश,डच,फ्रेंच,पोतुर्गीजइंग्रज यांच्यात आपसातच भारतात व्यापारी स्पर्धेला प्रारंभ झाला आणि या स्पर्धेत ब्रिटीश ईस्ट इंडिया कंपनी ने बाजी मारली.23 जून 1757 च्या इतिहासप्रसिद्ध प्लासीच्या लढाई ने इंग्रजानी बंगाल प्रांत प्राप्त करुन आपल्यासाम्राज्याची बीजे रोवली.

Health is wealth. Since health is very much required for the effective functioning of an individual, it is very important to enhance and maintain it. With the increase in the amount of money spent by employers on health insurance, companies have started realising the importance of workplace wellness programs and have started taking initiative towards implementing it. Wellness programs aims at improving the overall health and with its benefits on the work life of employees, it is important to understand if these programs affect the quality of work life of wellness program participating employees. The main objective of the study was to understand the impact of participation in workplace wellness programs on quality of work life among IT employees. The researcher collected data using the Quality of Work Life Scale from a sample of 71 IT employees among 36 who participated in workplace wellness programs and others who do not.

Throughout times tourism market has registered transversal characteristics like the increase of its supply and demand, which is something evident when we analyze international tourism demand data. According to the United Nation World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) this demand was around 25 million in 1950 and today it has reached 1.000 million tourists (UN UNWTO forecast for 2030, it is expected that international tourism increases in the next 10 years as much as in the period between 1950-2010 and, therefore, we could face a tourism demand of about 1.8 million tourists in 2030 (UNWTO, 2011).

The Indian caste system has played a significant role in shaping the occupations and roles as well as values of Indian society. Religion has been the constant push towards this stratification system for centuries, beginning with the Aryans and continuing down a long road of unfortunate discrimination, segregation, violence, and inequality. Hinduism was the backbone of the puritypollution complex, and it was the religion that influenced the daily lives and beliefs of the Indian people. Even after sixty-three years of independence, Indians continue to be in the grip of caste consciousness. Historically, India has been surviving as a nation for millennia with closed groups divided by caste, creed and language .

आपली सामाजिक रचना पुरुष प्रधान संस्कृतीची आहे. प्रत्येक कुटुंबात स्त्रियांचे कार्य, पुरुषांचे कार्य निश्चित ठरले आहे. आजच्या धावपळीच्या युगात यंत्रयुगात पतिपत्नी दोघेही व्यवसायानिमित्याने घराबाहेर असले तरीही स्वयंपाक घर स्त्रियांनी सांभाळावे असे असते. पूर्वी तर ‘चूल आणि मुल’ अशी स्त्रियांची स्थिती होती. आज यात बदल झाला असला तरी पूर्णपणे स्त्रिया आणि गृह्व्यवस्थापन, स्त्रिया आणि भोजन व्यवस्था, स्त्रिया आणि स्वयंपाक पाणी, विविध खाद्य पदार्थ तयार करणे, खाद्य संस्कृती विकसित करणे, नवनवीन खाद्यपदार्थ तयार करणे. ही कामे घरच्या स्त्रीचे असतात.

वारकरी संप्रदायाचे पुनरुज्जीवन करणाऱ्या ज्ञानेश्वर महाराजांना ‘संतशिरोमणी’ मानले जाते. अवघ्या २२ वर्षीय आयुष्यात ‘ज्ञानेश्वरी’ , ‘अमृतानुभव’ , ‘चांगदेव पासष्टी’ , ‘अभंगमाला’, आणि ‘हरिपाठ’ या अवीट गोडीच्या भक्तीरसपूर्ण वाड्मय निर्मितीने आणि अलैकिक कार्याने प्रसिद्ध पावले. ७०० वर्षापूर्वी ‘संस्कृत’ ही ज्ञानभाषा असताना जनसामान्यांसाठी ‘प्राकृता’ तून साहित्य निर्माण करणारे ते एक दृष्टे क्रांतिकारी म्हणून संबोधले जातात. संतज्ञानदेवांनी हरिपाठ सांगण्यापूर्वी चार वेद, सहा शास्त्रे, अठरा पुराणे, श्रुती, स्मृती, उपनिषदे, महाभारत, रामायण अशा अनेकानेक ग्रंथाचे परिशीलन केल्याचे अभंगाअभंगातून प्रत्ययास येते.

India's achievement of Millennium Development Goals, especially goals 4 and 5 mainly depends on the two most populous states of India, namely, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. Though there is a progress in achieving the same in the recent years, Uttar Pradesh has high MMR of 359 and Bihar has 261 as per SRS (2007–09) estimates. India has MMR of 212 that has to be reduced to 109 by 2015. Regarding IMR, Uttar Pradesh has 53 and Bihar 43 (SRS 2012). Under 5 mortality is 73 for Uttar Pradesh and 59 for Bihar as against the national average of 52 (SRS 2012) which is to be reduced to 42 by 2015. As per DLHS-3 (2007-08), there are poor maternal and child health indicators for Uttar Pradesh and Bihar compared with other states.

Entrepreneurial Leadership is a significant concept in entrepreneurship literature. Different leadership styles effect on effectiveness and performance of the organizations. Present research investigates the impact ofEntrepreneurial Leadership style on Organizational Performance with reference to Rural Small Scale Engineering Industry in Pune District of India. A ten items scale developed by (Boltan 2012) was used to find leadership styles. The data werecollected from one hundred and forty four (144) entrepreneursfrom Rural Small Scale Engineering Industryof 13 tehsils of in Pune District of India. For statistical analysis Mean, Standard Deviation, T-Test, and Chi-square test were used. Study concludes that there is no significant association between leadership styles and organizational performance.

The heat pipe is widely used because of its amazing heat transfer rate. Since last decade heat pipes became more popular because of its wide applications in cooling systems. Manufacturers like Asia Vital Components now have their own heat pipe manufacturing facilities, and heat pipe manufacturing is no longer reserved to a few specialized companies The thermal resistance of materials is of great interest to electronic engineers, because most electrical components generate heat and need to be cooled. Some electronic components malfunction when they overheat, while others are permanently damaged. The project aims at thermal heat sink of Computer Processing Unit (CPU) which is particularly useful in energy-conservation equipment where it is desired to recover heat from hot gases for air-preheater or supplemental heating applications. In some cases the heat-pipe can take the place of more costly combinations of pumps, piping and dual heat-exchange configurations, further in this regard, design and theory is vital. In many cases, engineers follow a thermal analysis with a stress analysis to calculate thermal stresses (that is, stresses caused by thermal expansions or contractions).

The Self Help Group and its Bank linkage programme has assumed a pivotal role in the process of empowerment of women both socially and economically. At the same time various researchers and authors have glorified the SHG movement as the ultimate path for empowerment of women. However, the SHG is nothing more than an informal group of people (generally women) coming together for a common cause. The survey and the article aims at finding out whether the promotion of such groups actually serve the purpose in a holistic way or, is the society following a model which is constrained by itself. It is understood that the empowerment of women is extremely important, but the Governments in question cannot shrug away from their responsibilities by simply promoting the idea of SHG's and pressurising the banking system to get linked with these SHGs. The article aims at finding out the level of education and other qualities amongst SHG members, the promotion of which should be a priority of the State and Central Governments.

The study was experimental in nature and conducted on the sample of 500 students, as per the requirements of 3*2 factorial design in which the independent variables of Mnemonic Techniques and Self Concept were studied. Achievement on some concepts of Social Studies was taken as a dependent variable. There were three levels of Mnemonic Techniques - With Illustrations (M1), Without Illustrations (M2) and Control Group (M0) - and two levels of the variable Self Concept (S) – High Self Concept (S1) & Low Self Concept (S2) -. The results showed that F ratios were significant for the main effects of Mnemonic Techniques (M) and Self Concept (S), and also for the double interaction effects of Mnemonic Techniques (M) * Self Concept (S)

The phenomena of women entrepreneurship is largely confined to metropolitan cities and big towns in India. Most of the women entrepreneurs operate small scale units. However, women entrepreneurs are found in rural areas also. A rural women entrepreneur is a women or group of women who undertake to organize and run an farm in rural area. The women folk can easily be considered as backbone of any nation and better half of the man in almost all spheres of community exception. Rural women, who constitute about 50% of total rural population, play an active role in all spheres of economic life and contribute richly towards national income. Of the major rural enterprise, dairy enterprise has been regarded as an important instrument of economic and social change to supplement in income and employment to rural sector in general and rural women in particular.

Food is fundamental physiological human need. India is striving utmost to raise agricultural production to meet increasing demands of growing population. India became independent in the food production is the great achievement of the country. However, many parts of the country those which are remote especially inhabited by tribal people having insufficient food. These poor people do not have means to buy food. Prof. M. S. Swaminathan says food security consists of three components such as food availability, stability and accessibility and these determine the food security in any region. The present study intends to examine the variation in food security among the tribal and non-tribal population of Yawal tehsil. To analyze the disparities in the tehsil nine villages were selected. Out of nine, four villages from the mountainous region and five villages from the piedmont plain region. It has been observed that availability of food in the piedmont plain region is good as compared to the tribal people living in the mountains region.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of extensive and intensive interval training on back strength and cardio respiratory endurance of Pondicherry university students. Forty five (N=45) male Pondicherry university students were randomly selected from Pondicherry university, Puducherry. Their age ranged from 18 to 23 years. The subjects were divided into three equal groups; first experimental group (A) second experimental group (B) and third control group (c) each consisting of 15 subjects. The experimental group underwent extensive and intensive interval training for the duration of ten weeks and control group did not participated in any training. The data collected before and after the training programme. Analysis of Co-variance (ANCOVA) was applied to find out the significance difference between three groups. Findings of the study suggested that the extensive and intensive interval training on back strength and cardio respiratory endurance was significantly improved than control group after 10 weeks of training programme.

Seeds of two lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) varieties L4594 and L4147 were subjected to different concentrations of sodium azide (SA). Effects of chemical mutagen were evaluated for seed germination, seedling height and number of rootlets, in both the lentil varieties under laboratory conditions. Seed germination, seedling survival and some other agronomical traits viz. days to flowering, pollen fertility, plant height, number of branches/plant and pod/plant were also evaluated under field condtions. Reduction in germination percentage, seedling growth, number of rootlets, plant height and pollen fertility were observed in all the treatments. The variety L4147 in all the treatments except the control exhibited zero seedling survival on day 25 under field conditions. Number of branches and pods / plant significantly increased at 0.1% SA. Delay in days to flowering was exhibited in all the treatments. Both the parental varieties differed significantly between themselves for both percentage seed germination, seedling height seedling survival and most of the characters at seedling stage for SA treatments. Variances among treatments were also significantly high.

English enjoys the rank of being the world's most important language. The language is used not only for communication among people but also it is the medium of knowledge, science and technology. Hence the mastery over the language is very important for the people of India where English is again considered the second official language. For an average Indian student learning English is always a herculean task. In the state of Kerala, English is taught as a second language at school level-from class one to class twelve. At college first two years of most UG programmes, it is taught as compulsory common course. In spite of the twelve years of learning English at school students find it difficult to use the language with all confidence. The paper entitled “A Gender perspective on Learning English as a Second Language” is an attempt to locate the problems the girl students face, analyze them and find out remedial measures. The study focuses on the gender aspects related to the learning of a girl student. It analyses the problems of undergraduate women students' from the Other Backward Class in learning English as a second language regarding the sociological as well as psychological aspects. Moreover, the study is based on the undergraduate women students' in three districts of Kerala- Wayanad, Kozhikode and Malappuram.

The beautiful Nandi Hills, popularly known as Nandi Betta or Nandi Durga for the locals and the people of Karnataka. This hillock is situated about 60 km from Bangalore City, about 24 kms from Chikkaballapura town. Nandi is the bull in Sanskrit, Kannada and Telugu. He is the sacred abode or Vahana to Lord Shiva. Nandi Hills gets its name from the famous Nandi temple situated atop this hill. This bull guards the outside of the Yoga Nandeeshwara Temple. Yoga Nandeeshwara Temple is the dwelling of Shiva the austere on the top of the hills and this temple was built by the Cholas. This temple also has a dedication in the name of Sambhaji who was the son of Chatrapati Shivaji. The Nandi hill has more tourist attractive spots. Nandi Hills has been a favorite picnic place for young enthusiasts on a weekend. Occasional views of cloudkissed hills in the surroundings add to the beauty of the panoramic landscapes. The pleasant climate appeals to the old and the young alike. Historians can find a wealth of information and the spiritual minded, peace and tranquility. Its offers a surprise of breathtaking scenic beauty and excellent climatic condition. It has major tourist attractions in the world which are noteworthy. The hill contains to contribute its share for the economic development of the nation. It is the best place for those who undergo stress, strain and work pressure to get mental relief and recreation.

The indoor environmental condition is badly affected by cooking smoke circulated within the house, bad sanitary condition within the house, improper dumping and storing of household solid waste in the house, noise beyond critical level, open, dirty and stagnant drainage system around the house, shortage of living space in the house, use of bio-fuels, etc.. People spend about 80 percent time in the indoor environment (house, office and vehicles), which is very much sufficient to effect the people's health condition. In urban areas most of the households are suffering from the bad condition of indoor-environmental quality that effect health of human being of varying income group. A calm and tranquil home environment is conducive to the healthier life. Quality of their lives depends on clean, decent, safe home environment in which people live and raise family. The present study aims at finding the quality of indoor environmental condition across the households of different income and socio-religious group in Kolkata Municipal Corporation. In the present study an attempt has been made to analyze the relationship between indoor environmental condition and associated human health.

Regional Rural Banks plays a pivotal role in the agriculture and rural development of India. The RRBS have more reached to the rural area of India, through their huge network. The success of rural credit in India is largely depends on their financial strength. RRBs are key financing institution at the rural level which shoulders responsibility of meeting credit needs of different types of agriculture credit in rural areas. At present, most of the regional rural banks are facing the problems of overdue, recovery, nonperforming assets and other problems. Therefore, it is necessary to study financial performance of RRBs in India. This paper attempts to analyze the financial performance of RRBs in India during the period 2008-09 to 2010- 2011. The study is based on secondary data collected form annual reports of NABARD and RBI. An analytical research design of Key Performance Indicators Analysis such as deposits, loans, investments and growth rate index is followed in the present study. The study finds and concludes that performance of RRBs has significantly improved.

The concept of nonperforming asset (NPA) is new one in India. A non- performing asset basically implies an asset which fails to earn any income to the bank. On the other hand, an asset becomes non – performing when it ceases to generate any income for the bank. Up to the mid eighties there was no uniformity policy amongst banks in booking income from varies types of loans and advances granted by them. In order to ensure uniformity in booking income on loans as advance by all the commercial bank, the Reserve Bank Of India (R.B.I) introduced the health code system in 1986. Based on the recommendations of the Narasimham Committee. A new set of guidelines on income recognition, classification assets and provisioning for various types of non- performing assets have been formulated.

Over the last many decades, the core questions by individual women, civil society organisations, researchers and scholars, but rarely by decision makers, had to do with women's long journey to acquire and exercise their human rights. Simply put, the questions were, “Which country has combined the components of women's advancement in one national space?” and, , Does such a space exist?” At the end of 2004, there were about 192 member states of the United Nations whose contributions helped construct a statistical database on different aspects of women's lives. Information to fill the many gaps are still being compiled. 1 Many of the disaggregated data on women and men are accessible and may be used for examining trends on women's work, life and political participation. Is it possible to select a country where women have achieved the capacity to transform patriarchal structures and institution in their favour? Is there a woman's country?

This paper attempts to see how Tibet is reimagined in exile by three generations of younger middle and older generations of Tibetans settled in District Darjeeling, West Bengal, India. It seeks to understand whether the Tibetan refugees feel at home in India or they carry a sense of homelessness with them. For the older generation Tibet is seen as a pristine and sacred land and “Home is where the heart is”. But for the middle and younger generation India is a home- “home away from home”. According to the Tibetans, both young and old, the present Tibet,under the Chinese occupation, is being exploited for its natural resources and the Tibetans are poor and oppressed in general. The primary data is collected using purposive and convenience sampling of Tibetans belonging to different age group along with Interview method Questionnaire and Participant Observation. Questionnaire for respondents who could read and write in English.

Customer service and service quality is a critical factor for success in business. Your customer service must be better than your competitors. Service quality also means, going out of your way for the customers, doing everything possible to satisfy the customers and making decisions that benefit the customer, sometimes even at the expense of the business.”Go beyond Customer Service to keep Customers for life”.

INDIA may have few names in the list FORTUNE 500 list but simultaneously it has many who sleep with one meal a day that is why INDIA is divided into two parts “ SHINING INDIA” and “ BHARAT”. It was presumed that the reforms of 1991 will enhance GDPgrowth rate and will have trickle down effect which will ultimately solve the grass root problems and bring positive returns to the society, but this could not actually materialise and this widened the gap between rich and poor. Social entrepreneurship can actually help to diagnose various issues like nutrition ,education ,healthcare and employment etc.It is a process of introducing change in the system where instead of leaving everything on the shoulders of government entrepreneurs attempt to address various issues of masses.This paper tries to introduce, analyse the role of social entrepreneurs in India and simultaneously introspect the problems faced by them.

During the nineteenth century Iraq was weakness and deterioration in the agricultural sector. There was no development in agriculture during the reign of Medhat Pasha that the state of Iraq made good agricultural development., The Ottoman government moved away its interest from the agricultural sector and put the greatest burden on the farmers in land preparation, provision of seeds and harvest and markets sales. If these governors of Iraq would have followed the method of Medhat Pasha, Iraq could have acquired top position in the agricultural production in the world and the agricultural sector would have brought prosperity and progress in Iraq. In India During this period, the colonial economies were open economies. They were affected by the impact of the world market and not national economies, which could determine their own fate and develop their home market. This was a common feature of all colonial economies.

The present work deals with the cadmium induced ultra structural changes found in the spleen of Tilapia mossambica (Peters). Fishes were exposed to a sub lethal concentration of 8 ppm of CdCl for 6 days and 22 days. Treatment induced changes differ from one cell type to the 2 other. Some of which are common to all cell types include vacuolation of cytoplasm, appearance of vesicles within the cytoplasm, increased endoplasmic reticulum, vacuolation of mitochondria and deposition of electron dense material.

In ancient days, only a famous Siva temple was considered as a suitable venue for the conduct of the ordeal. It was because Lord Siva was reputed to be the ferocious deity. Thus ordeals were conducted in Siva temples like those of Kartigappalli and Cengannur. But, a distinctive factor, which appears to have prompted the introduction of ordeal in Suchindram, was the association of Indra's purification with this sacred flame. In order to release himself from the curse of Gautama, Indra underwent the process of submerging himself in boiling ghee at Suchindram. This mythical story is served as the cause for the institution of the ordeal at this place. It must be mentioned that besides Suchindram, there were many other places in India and outside, where ordeals were conducted from early times.

This is a case study of the service industries and the product industries in Satna from 2007 to 2012. These are sources of large employment generation for the Satna district of Madhya Pradesh.These played important role for the economic development of the district.Tried to analyse the situations and correlations among different factors too. This study is based on secondary data and an interdisciplinary nature of study which is important from various point of view.But it can serve purpose for further research and study for economic growth and development of the district.

The present study deals with measuring of the level of self-concept of IX and X Urdu and Marathi medium economically deprived students. It also deals with comparing the level of self-concept between IX standard Urdu and Marathi medium students belonging to the same economically deprived class. It further deals with comparing the level of self-concept of X standard Urdu and Marathi medium students belonging to the same economic class. Further it also deals with finding out the correlation between self-concept and economic deprivation. The study revealed that both IX and X standard Urdu and Marathi medium students have below average self-concept. It also revealed that there is a significant difference in the level of self-concept between IX standard Urdu and Marathi medium economically deprived students. It also revealed that there is significant difference in the level of self-concept between X standard Urdu and Marathi medium economically deprived students.

Ayi Kwei Armah is considered as one of the leading fictional voices of Africa. His works typically explore the nuances of postcolonial Africa and focus on African existential conditions .Though Armah's vision is one of a unified Africa, he writes vehemently of the psychological effect of colonialism on the people of contemporary Ghana and Africa. His works have met with mixed critical reaction, but many reviewers laud his stylistic innovations

Human health plays an important role in the development of the region or the country.Health care system of any country or region has an important role to play for the sustainable health management. In this paper an attempt has been made to study the spatial distribution of public healthcare centers and their services in Mysore district. As a result, the present paper aimed to identity the servedandunservedarea/settlements by the health centers based on their functions. At present, totally there are 150 Public health centers in the study area and each health centers has different types of structure and functions and served area of various sizes. So there is a need to study the public health center, their function, and served and unserved areas of each health centers to reduce the gaps and take into the consideration of unserved areas by proposing new health care centers in the study area.

Tagore's worldly outlook springs from views embedded in the Upanishad. His philosophy is pillared by ancient Indian world outlook for sustainable development and ecoethical human living. In the omega environment, a question may arise are we conscious enough regarding about the Tagore's geo-environmental awareness? The answer is, yes we are but not up to demark. We are polluting, concrete dam, unnecessary wastes, toxic chemicals, bomb, war fear weapons which intern herms (own) to our mother earth. We are working against of nature. But the relevance of Tagore's thought is contemporary. We are moving again to destroy the concrete dams and embankment (Decommissioning of Dam) in USA. We are spreading this ecological thought in our present life through the enacting of his dramas like “Mukhtadhara”, played on Lipica Auditorium (Santiniketan) by the students of Visva-Bharati in March-2011 (plate 5) , organized by Akhil Bharat Bhuvidya O Paribesh Samiti (NGO) of Santiniketan in West Bengal (India). This drama has also acting in different portion of West Bengal like in Siliguri town in West Bengal (plate 6). Again in this mechanized era we are also practicing the bull-plough based agriculture or halakarshan; which was observed by Tagore to adopt the earthen practices or culture in nature. So Tagore's aesthetic visions have a great relevance in modern culture, in mechanized world.

Crimea is composed of ethnic Russian majority, minority of ethnic Crimean's and Ukraine's. Prior to the crisis Crimea comprised Ukraine autonomous republic of Crimea. The crisis unfolded after math of the Ukraine revolution. President victor yanuko yh fled kiev on February 21, 2014 and appointed turchyov. The new government recognized by United States and the European Union.

Assam is the congregation of many races, cultures, languages and religion which have largely moulded into a unified cohesive culture. Due to continuous interaction and cultural adaptation of multiple ethnic groups, a symbolic culture has developed. The tribes of Assam belong to the Mongoloid stock. Each of the tribes has its own importance and unique heritage. This paper attempts to study the process of assimilation as observed among the different ethnic communities residing in the South Kamrup (Guwahati) Tribal Belt due to continuous interaction with non tribal population. The South Kamrup (Guwahati) Tribal Belt was constituted on 27th February, 1950 (Vide Notification number ( RD74/46/172). A tribal belt generally refers to the areas pre-dominated by indigenous and other backward communities notified under Chapter X of the Assam Land And Revenue Regulation Act of 1886 that was amended in the year 1947

Cooperative Banks in general and District Central Cooperative Banks in particular have to play major role for agriculture and rural credit. DCC Banks have direct access to agriculture to agriculture and rural sector. The place of DCC Banks in cooperative banking is unique. They are intermediate between State Cooperative Bank and Primary Credit Cooperative Societies. After New Economic Policy, there is a sea change in governance and working of DCC Banks. Latur District Central Cooperative Bank, Latur is playing major role in providing credit to rural sector through various schemes such as crop loan, vehicle purchasing, minor irrigation, tractor financing, cattle purchasing, rural artisans, home construction, self-help groups, etc. LDCC Bank, Latur is facing various problems in providing credit facilities to people. In this research paper, a detailed analysis has been made to highlight certain points related with financial position of LDCC Bank, Latur. The financial position of LDCC Bank is presented with the help of some major financial indicators such as share capital, total assets, total liabilities, loans and advances, investments, net profits, etc

The northern part of Western Ghats of Maharashtra is popularly known as 'Sahyadri', which is a global biodiversity hot spot. It lies between 710 61' to 740 40' E and 150 60' to 200 75' N. This mega-biodiversity region of the world contains about 52 critically endangered flowering plants. The present paper explores the current status of these plants facing high risk of extinction. This work enumerates frequent seasonal exploration at suggested sites and new localities in Sahyadri ranges. We reported geographical distribution, area of occupancy, population frequency, morphology, phenology, fruit and seed setting, threat and causes of rarity and digital documentation of critically endangered flowering plants. Present investigation will through light on conservation of these plants in-situ as well as ex-situ.

“A lamp can never light another lamp unless it continues to burn its own flame. A teacher can never truly teach unless he is still learning himself. The teacher who has come to the end of his subject, who has no living traffic with his knowledge, but merely repeats his lessons to his students, can only load their minds. He cannot quicken them” (Rabinder Nath Tagore). Learning for a teacher can never be terminal. He cannot afford to be outdated and anachronistic. So, to avoid being obsolete in profession, one should always move ahead i.e. grow and develop in profession. The present investigation was designed with an aim to know the perceptions of university and college teachers about their professional development. Findings of the study revealed that most of the teachers perceived professional development as moving step ahead in organizational hierarchy. In the last part of the paper measures/interventions have been discussed which ensure high quality professional development among teachers.

In the context of entrepreneurship, the term 'skill' generally refers to the required knowledge and capabilities needed for starting and running an enterprise. An entrepreneur is often termed as the “change agent”. It is also said that an economy is the effect for which entrepreneurship is the cause. Entrepreneurship development has, therefore, become a matter of great concern in all developed and developing countries all over the world. Realizing such increasing importance of entrepreneurship in an economy, the Ministry of MSME, GoIhas set up three National level EntrepreneurshipDevelopment Institutes namely The NationalInstitute for Entrepreneurship and SmallBusiness Development (NIESBUD), NOIDA,National Institute for Micro, Small and MediumEnterprises (NI-MSME), Hyderabad and IndianInstitute of Entrepreneurship (IIE), Guwahatito undertake the task of entrepreneurship andskill development training on a regular basis. Out of these three institutes, the IIE is a premier one in the Northeastern region. The paper thus attempts to focus on the performance of IIE over a past few years and assess its contribution towards the upliftment of the society. The paper is based on secondary data.

In a hyper-competitive global economy, where competition is no longer limited by geography or industry, new formidable competitors can arise seemingly overnight. In such an environment, one of the surest ways for an organization to fail is to tolerate workplace bullying. Bullies not only stifle productivity and innovation throughout the organization, they most often target an organization's best employees, because it is precisely those employees who are the most threatening to bullies. As a result, enterprises are robbed of their most important asset in today's competitive economic environment – precious human capital.